CBSE 12th Political Science Important MCQs for Board Exam

The Central Board of Secondary Education Class 12 Political Science exam in 2026 plays a major role in shaping a Humanities student’s final board result. The paper checks not just textbook knowledge but also your understanding of political events, constitutional values and global affairs. Scoring well requires smart preparation and clarity of concepts. In this article, you will find important MCQs, chapter-wise weightage and key focus areas to help you prepare in a structured and confident way.

CBSE Class 12 Political Science MCQs PDF

CBSE Class 12th Political Science MCQs Download PDF

CBSE Class 12 Political Science Chapter-Wise Weightage & Most Asked Topics

Understanding chapter-wise weightage helps students focus on high-scoring areas. The table below shows the average marks distribution and commonly asked topics in the CBSE Class 12 Political Science Board Exam.

CBSE Class 12 Political Science Chapter-Wise Weightage & Most Asked Topics
Chapter Name	Average Weightage	Primary Focus of Questions / Most Asked Topics
Part A: Contemporary World Politics
1. The End of Bipolarity	6 Marks	Causes/consequences of Soviet disintegration, features of the Soviet system, and Shock Therapy.
2. Contemporary Centres of Power	6 Marks	Objectives and effectiveness of ASEAN and the EU; the rise of China as an economic power.
3. Contemporary South Asia	6 Marks	Democracy in Pakistan and Bangladesh, ethnic conflict in Sri Lanka, and the role of SAARC/SAFTA.
4. International Organizations	6 Marks	Principal organs of the UN, restructuring the Security Council, and roles of agencies like UNESCO, IMF, and WHO.
5. Security in the Contemporary World	6 Marks	Traditional vs. non-traditional security, new threats (terrorism, pandemics), and arms control treaties.
6. Environment and Natural Resources	6 Marks	Global commons, Kyoto Protocol, Earth Summit (Rio), and the “common but differentiated responsibilities” principle.
7. Globalisation	4 Marks	Political, economic, and cultural consequences; causes of globalisation and resistance against it.
Part B: Politics in India since Independence
1. Challenges of Nation-Building	6 Marks	Consequences of Partition, integration of princely states (Hyderabad, Manipur), and State Reorganisation Commission.
2. Era of One-Party Dominance	4 Marks	Nature of Congress dominance, early general elections, and the role of opposition parties like Jana Sangh.
3. Politics of Planned Development	2 Marks	First vs. Second Five Year Plans, Planning Commission vs. NITI Aayog, and the “Bombay Plan.”
4. India’s External Relations	6 Marks	Policy of Non-Alignment (NAM), 1962 and 1971 wars, and India’s Nuclear Policy.
5. Challenges to/Restoration of Congress	4 Marks	Split in Congress (1969), 1967 General Elections, and the “Garibi Hatao” slogan.
6. The Crisis of Democratic Order	4 Marks	Background, consequences, and lessons of the 1975 Emergency; movements in Gujarat and Bihar.
7. Regional Aspirations	6 Marks	The Kashmir issue, Punjab crisis, and movements in the North-East (Assam, Mizoram).
8. Recent Developments in Indian Politics	8 Marks	Era of coalition governments (NDA, UPA), implementation of the Mandal Commission, and the 1989-2014 political trends.

Top 15 Most Asked Political Science MCQs

1. Arrange the following events in chronological order:

(i) Russia, Ukraine and Belarus declared that Soviet Union was disbanded

(ii) Mikhail Gorbachev became the General Secretary of the Communist Party of Soviet Union

(iii) Soviet Revolution in Russia

(iv) Indo-Russian Strategic Agreement was made

Options:

(A) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

(B) (iii), (ii), (i), (iv)

(C) (iv), (iii), (i), (ii)

(D) (i), (iv), (iii), (ii)

2. Which one of the following events made the South Asian region a sudden focus of global attention after the cold war period?

(A) Bangladesh War of 1971

(B) Ethnic conflict of Sri Lanka

(C) India and Pakistan both became nuclear power

(D) Kargil conflict between India and Pakistan

3. In which year were the first General Elections held in India?

(A) 1948

(B) 1949

(C) 1950

(D) 1952

4. Identify and choose the incorrect pair:

(A) Lal Bahadur Shastri – Jai Jawan Jai Kisan

(B) Indira Gandhi – Garibi Hatao

(C) Syndicate – A group of powerful opposition leaders against Indira Gandhi

(D) Grand Alliance – Formed by all Non-Congress Parties

5. Match the terms given in Column-‘A’ correctly with Column-‘B’ and choose the correct answer from the codes given below:

Column-‘A’	Column-‘B’
I. Human Rights Watch	i. An organ of the United Nations
II. International Monetary Fund	ii. An agency of the United Nations
III. World Health Organisation	iii. An international organisation that oversees financial institutions
IV. General Assembly	iv. An international NGO

Codes:

(A) I-iii, II-i, III-iv, IV-ii

(B) I-iv, II-i, III-iii, IV-ii

(C) I-iv, II-iii, III-ii, IV-i

(D) I-ii, II-iv, III-iii, IV-i

6. Assertion (A): Resistance to globalisation in India has come from Trade Unions and workforce representing farmers’ interests.

Reason (R): Multinational Corporations have damaged the interests of small scale industries and agriculture. Options:

(A) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of the Assertion (A).

(B) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of the Assertion (A).

(C) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.

(D) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.

7. BJP led alliance of 2019 is known as:

(A) United Progressive Alliance

(B) United Front

(C) National Democratic Alliance

(D) Democratic Coalition

8. Which one among the following agreements was to cut the green house gas emissions?

(A) Antarctic Treaty

(B) Kyoto Protocol

(C) Montreal Protocol

(D) Antarctic Environmental Protocol

9. Which political party won 16 Lok Sabha seats and was at second place in the first General Election of India?

(A) Communist Party of India

(B) Bharatiya Jan Sangh

(C) Socialist Party

(D) Swatantra Party

10. Match List-I with List-II correctly and choose the correct answer from the codes given below:

List-I	List-II
1. S. Nijalingappa	(i) Chief Minister of Madras (Tamil Nadu)
2. K. Kamaraj	(ii) Chief Minister of Mysore (Karnataka)
3. Gaya Lal	(iii) Chief Minister of Bihar
4. Karpoori Thakur	(iv) Member of Legislative Assembly of Haryana

Codes:

(A) 1-(ii), 2-(i), 3-(iv), 4-(iii)

(B) 1-(iii), 2-(i), 3-(iv), 4-(ii)

(C) 1-(iv), 2-(iii), 3-(ii), 4-(i)

(D) 1-(i), 2-(ii), 3-(iii), 4-(iv)

11. Who led the Central Government after the 1999 Lok Sabha Elections?

(A) P.V. Narasimha Rao

(B) Atal Bihari Vajpayee

(C) Manmohan Singh

(D) H.D. Deve Gauda

12. Assertion (A): The government suspended the freedom of press and implemented press censorship during emergency in 1975.

Reason (R): Newspapers protested against censorship by showing the cartoons only.

Options:

(A) Both the Assertion (A) and the Reason (R) are correct, and the Reason (R) is the correct explanation of the Assertion (A).

(B) Both the Assertion (A) and the Reason (R) are correct, but the Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of the Assertion (A).

(C) The Assertion (A) is incorrect, but the Reason (R) is correct.

(D) The Assertion (A) is correct, but the Reason (R) is incorrect.

13. How many states signed the United Nations Charter?

(A) 51

(B) 50

(C) 48

(D) 55

14. Which one of the following statement about the ‘Soviet System’ is not true?

(A) A minimum standard of living ensured for all citizens

(B) Subsidised health services

(C) Private ownership of industries and land

(D) Provision of welfare schemes

15. Which region of India is referred to as the ‘Seven Sisters’?

(A) North-East region

(B) South-West region

(C) North-West region

(D) South-East region

How to Score Full Marks in CBSE Class 12 Political Science

• Read both NCERT books thoroughly many MCQs are directly concept-based.
• Focus on important dates, treaties, organisations, and political developments.
• Prepare short notes for key terms like hegemony, coalition, globalisation, federalism, etc.
• Practice assertion-reason and case-based MCQs daily.
• Solve previous year question papers to understand repeated themes.
• Revise maps and important political events regularly.
• Stay updated with current political developments for better conceptual clarity.
• Attempt mock tests to improve speed and accuracy.
• Read each option carefully before selecting the correct answer.
• Avoid guesswork unless you can eliminate at least two incorrect options.